Health & Nutrition

The 2025 Clean 15 and Dirty Dozen: What's Actually on Your Produce

More than 75 percent of non-organic produce tested this year carried detectable pesticide residue. The newest Clean 15 and Dirty Dozen lists show exactly where to prioritize organic, and where conventional produce is already low risk.

Vegans Explore Podcast

Episode 20 · Nov 20, 2025 · 7 min

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This is educational, not medical advice. Talk to a healthcare professional about your own levels and any changes to your diet.

Why Residue Matters

Peer-reviewed research links many pesticides to hormone disruption, nervous system effects, and developmental risk, and residue can remain even after produce is washed, peeled, or scrubbed. This year's analysis of 47 tested items looked not just at whether pesticides were present, but how toxic they are based on animal studies and long-term data.

The 2025 Clean 15

Pineapple, sweet corn, avocados, papaya, onions, sweet peas, asparagus, cabbage, watermelon, cauliflower, bananas, mangoes, carrots, mushrooms, and kiwi. Almost 60 percent of samples had no detectable residue at all, and most items on this list rarely carried more than one or two pesticides. Bananas and cauliflower joined the list this year, with bananas ranking especially low in overall toxicity.

The 2025 Dirty Dozen

Spinach, strawberries, kale, collard and mustard greens, grapes, peaches, cherries, nectarines, pears, apples, blackberries, blueberries, potatoes, plus bell peppers, hot peppers, and green beans. Nearly every sample carried detectable pesticides, many with multiple chemicals at once. Potatoes stood out this year, since most samples contained a sprout-preventing chemical Europe has already phased out, and blackberries entered the list for the first time after testing revealed an average of four pesticides per sample.

How to Use These Lists

This is not a reason to eat less produce, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables remains one of the best things you can do for your health, organic or conventional. Wash all produce under running water before eating, consider frozen organic options when fresh is out of budget, and use these two lists as a guide rather than a rule, prioritizing organic on Dirty Dozen items when you can, especially when cooking for kids.